Coffee and Mission Essay

Analysis Of Mission And Vision Statement Of Nokia Essays and Term Papers Search Results for ‘analysis of mission and vision statement of nokia’ Displaying 1 – 30 of 1,500 * Analysis Of Mission And Vision Statement Toyota Indus Motor Company Analysis Of Mission And Vision Statement TOYOTA INDUS MOTOR COMPANY LTD. VISION STATEMENT: To be the most respected and successful enterprise, delighting†¦ * Analysis Of Mission And Vision Statement Toyota and working toward creating a prosperous society and clean world. ANALYSIS: The vision statement of Toyota Indus Motors Company Ltd is clear and powerfully†¦ * Starbucks Coffee Mission And Vision Statement: concise, and direct for the target audience. Starbucks combine Mission and Vision statement can be broken down into six key elements which are the followings: Coffee†¦ * Mission And Vision Statement seems a bit unnecessary. KHULNA SHIPYARD LIMITED (KSY) Mission and vision statement of this organization have been written tactfully and they are praise worthy†¦ * Mission And Vision Statement exact, measurable, and time-sensitive goals to guide my development; however, the mission and the vision statement offer a solid foundation for building these goals†¦ * Analysis Of Mission And Vision Statement Of Nokia. complex and challenging environment. Nokias mission/vision statement analysis In analysing Nokias mission/vision statement Ill be using the 9 essential * * published this * no reads * no comments * Saved * Mission And Vision Analysis Of Pso And Coca Cola order to meet the needs and satisfy the customers. Vision Analysis Conclusion: Overall, Coca-Colas mission and vision statement defines its goals, policies†¦ * Analysis Of Mission And Vision Statement Of Nokia. B: SAMPLE RESUME PERSONAL DETAILS * * published this * no reads * no comments * Add to your reading list * Tcs Mission And Vision Analysis Leading change, Learning and Sharing etc are getting reflected in its mission and vision statement. The core value excellence is getting clearly reflected in the * * published this * no reads * no comments * Add to your reading list * Mission & Vision Statements theyve got their mission and vision confused. One is definitely not the other and both are mixed up in this statement. † Today, our mission is to connect people * * published this * no reads * no comments * Add to your reading list * Starbucks Vision And Mission Statement obtain the organizations desired end state. Within the organizations mission and vision statements Starbucks Corporation states that listening to its customer needs.

Different Genres Of Films And Their Impact On The Spectators Essay

No other art form has had quite the impact on our lives that the motion pictures have. Everybody loves stories. We want to watch different movies, depending on the mood, temperament and circumstances. The most important thing is to choose the right genre. The term genre is used a lot around the movie industry to break down the type of film into categories. It’s difficult to place a lot of films in a single category. For this reason a lot of films have multiple genres. They are classified by the description, theme, variety, or story idea that is determined by how the movie is written. There are a lot of genres. For example: comedy, drama, horror, western est. A comedy is meant to make us laugh, by exaggerating the situation, the language, action, relationships and characters. A mystery may want us to think and try to solve a crime. Watching the film, you can cry or laugh or be scared. Filmmakers know this, and depending on what they want to achieve they choose the genre to remove. On TV start to show war films, in anticipation of anniversary of the Great Patriotic War. There are a lot disaster movies on TV because of the rumors about the end of the world. All is accidental. TV is a big industry. Sometimes it is good sometimes it’s not but you have a choice whether you want to fall for this trick or not. If you want an adventure, then you should choose an Adventure films or Westerns. They are usually exciting stories, with new experiences or exotic locales, very similar to or often paired with the action film genre. Westerns are the major defining genre of the American film industry . They are one of the oldest, most enduring genres with very recognizable plots, elements, and characters (six-guns, horses, dusty towns and trails, cowboys, Indians, etc.). If you want something romantic, it would be better to select melodramas or dramas. They are serious, portraying realistic characters, settings, life situations, and stories involving intense character development and interaction. But if you’re nervous you needn’t to watch thrillers and horror movies, because Horror films are designed to frighten and to invoke our hidden worst fears, often in a terrifying, shocking finale, while captivating and entertaining us. Epics include costume dramas, historical dramas, war films, medieval romps, or ‘period pictures’ that often cover a large expanse of time set against a vast, panoramic backdrop. Everyone has their favorite genre, favorite movie that is generally characterize a person. Movies influence on people. The more you watch good, thought-provoking and making to reason movies, the more you have positive emotions and develop as individuals. Similarly, choosing the opposite action movie or a horror film you faced likely with violence and fear. So take you choice.

Carmen

Movement, space and dynamics are used in Mat Ek’s work Carmen to portray the various characters throughout the piece and to determine their relationships therefore gaining a greater understanding of the characters and the narrative. Micaela (M) is a respectable and adequate woman who is loyal to her fiance but is always leading him and influencing his behavior in life. The first movement we see from M is at a low height with collapsing, repeated contractions which give us an initial idea of her silent presence amongst her fiance Don Jose while he is conversing with the other solider portraying the idea of her intimidation of other men. Her movements are curved in shape though still very forceful, sharp and have a punch like force about them which gives the idea she is conscience of Jose, giving his directions and guidelines of how the behave. She then progresses into a lot of sustaining movements, which she continuously motions upward, giving the impression and the resemblance of appreciation of life and her faithfulness toward Don Jose. Symbolism of a wish to have a child occurs at 0. 33 through the use of curved â€Å"cradle-like† motions which shows the couples desire to settle down and be a family. There is also a repetitive floor pattern as M often travels away from Don Jose but then travels directly back towards his representing her dedication and loyalty as she always returns to her fiance and also the idea of her constant presence. M’s dynamics then take a sudden change as she is not longer performing contracted, closed movements in a repetitive nature which portrayed her ideal feministic nature of being loyal and she now has a less controlled nature about her performing asymmetrical kicks and contrasting shapes as she seems to let loose the further she ventures away from Jose which symbolizes her soul connection to him as she always returns back. The duet performed by M and Don Jose see’s M return to her original circular, curved shape movements and we see Jose’s unison with her, always a step behind which gives a sense she is showing him the way. Both of their movements are free yet heavy and they have a curved shape about them implying the hidden control and tension between them but also the trance they set each other in as the appear slightly â€Å"playful† and always drawn upwards with high levels and strong gestures such as lifting M up at 1:39 and high suspension movements at 1:09 to the sky symbolizing the feeling of being content and happy. Jose’s continuous following of M and his placement in space of always being slightly behind M symbolizes his shyness and the controlling nature his fiance possesses over him. At 1:44 we see M and Jose linking arms with M pointing to the direction she wishes to head while Jose looks at her in admiration and awaiting her next gesture again portraying the idea of her leading and controlling power she has over him and his obedience to this power. As the group of female dancers come in we see a dramatic change in the dynamics and movements of the dance as in comparison to M, these dancers have a much more open body position about them with much greater use of the entire kinosphere of each individual. The use of multiple kicks and turns which take up a large amount of space around the dancer display their confidence and high self esteem. At 2:45 the girls perform a controlled turn as they have a strong posture and arm position with head titled towards the sky to convey a strong, open shape which further portrays the idea of the confidence and â€Å"teasing† nature they possess in the males presence. As the males and female perform a direct swap in sides we see the males perform loose, uncontrolled arm movements which shows the uncontrollable urge they have to go and â€Å"dance† with the girls and how crazy they females make them along with the back and forth floor pattern the girls create as they swap sides and they lead the boys in and then head back the other direction which also conveys the teasing nature of the females. At 3:12 the males perform a percussive movement as the floor pattern leads them towards the females which emphasizes their excitement, yet the fact they are giving into the females which comments on the power the women posses over the men. The floor pattern shows the males always behind and following in the females paths, almost repeating similar movements that the females do which further emphasizes the idea of the females controlling the males actions and the males chasing them. This idea is also finally show at 3:29 when the females run over the backs of the males showing their dominance and power over them. Escamillo, the confident and desired new man in town conveys the idea of his confidence and power over everyone in his dramatic entry at 3:39 as the first movement we see of him is a open, strong and angular jump travelling to stage front. This jump automatically gives us the idea of his superiority over everyone else. His movements are sharp and angular which the choreographer to convey his confident, powerful ersonality and his intriguing use of controlled and dramatic dynamics of movements. The final section performed by the girls shows a soften, less controlling side of them which is communicated by their use of curved, soft movements and powerless dynamics and motions and shows the idea of their admiration and lust toward Escamillo. In conclusion, the use of various dynamics, movement and space is used in the extract to portray the characters, thei r emotions and determine relationships and further enhance and gain a better understanding of the characters to overall convey the narrative.

Developing an interactive secure website Research Paper

Developing an interactive secure website - Research Paper Example The extensive growth and use of the internet over the years have created and led to websites and web applications facing more threats and vulnerabilities each day. This has thus demonstrates the importance and emphasis developers and website administrators have put on web security. Web security does not only entail securing the web application only but also securing the web server and the web users as well. This article aims at explicating the various forms of threats, attacks and vulnerabilities that web applications, servers and users face.It will also show various methods of howto prevent, minimize and deal with security loopholes that attackers exploit. The importance of ensuring security of websites, web servers and the users cannot be underestimated (Braithwaite, 2002). Discussion There are various vulnerabilities that web applications and websites face. These threats range from security loopholes that are created during development, at the servers and at the user interfaces. T his discussion will mostly focus on the security of website application developed using PHP language and are SQL database driven. PHP functions Security Developing website applications using PHP is relatively easy since its syntax and semantics can easily and quickly be grasped. The buck though doesn’t stop here. It has the capability of performing diverse functions when its seamlessly and flawlessly working with HTML. The fact that it is open source and also works well with other open source tools and languages such as the MySQL database ad the Apache Server makes the most preferred web development languages for developers and very much targeted by hackers and malicious web users. Many developers, especially beginners ignore or forget the aspect of security (Shaw, 2001). It is worth noting here that even advanced developers sometimes write code that is vulnerable to attacks.PHP can work even if there are security loopholes in the coding. These loopholes are not hard to locat e in PHP and are what malicious web users look for. Although PHP offers some great features that can be used to minimize security vulnerabilities, it’s up to the developer to be able to utilize them (Braithwaite, 2002). Securing PHP applications entails limiting coding errors as much as possible. Common types of PHP security loopholes are: Error Reporting This is a PHP tool that allows diagnosis of errors and quick and easier fixing. It is also potential security vulnerability when no properly used such as when errors are publicly visible to users on-screen. It reveals a lot of information such as security loopholes in the code. Display_errors should be turned off or be appended a ‘0’ value so that errors cannot be viewed on-screen by users. If the Display_error is turned on or appended the ‘1’ value, errors will be displayed onscreen to users thus posing as a security threat that hackers can exploit. You can however opt to report errors by enabling log_errors. This is done by turning on log_errors and showing the location of the log using error_log. Register_Globals Writing PHP applications is made convenient and simpler by the use of Register_Globals. This although poses a great threat in terms of security. Register_Globals should therefore be always turned off. If turned on, users who are neither authenticated nor verified can inject variables in the application thus gaining administrative access to the application. A good example is where a user may append the value ‘?admin =1’ at the end of a page url and gain access to the sites administrative areas that might require a secure password. e.g. if(isset($_POST[‘pwd’]) && $_POST[‘pwd’] == â€Å"wxyz†) { $admin = TRUE; } If Register_Global is turned off, this kind of forced access cannot occur. Therefore, it is advisable to consider using predefined PHP variables such as $_POST, $_ENV, $_COOKIE, $_SERVER or $_GET to ensure tight se curity. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Hackers use this method to collect website’

NHL Advertising Campaign Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

NHL Advertising Campaign - Article Example In a much aggrandized discourse of hegemonic masculinity, Mediating Sport, Myth, and Masculinity: The National Hockey League’s â€Å"Inside the Warrior† Advertising Campaign by Sarah Gee, it can be noted that there is close attributes to how Mrs. Gee tries to argue out the campaign (Hanold, 2012). Indeed, Mrs. Gee realizes the importance of the masculinity in explaining the inherent interpretation of the campaign. Primarily, Mrs. Gee closely examines the interpretation of the campaign in the dominion of patriarchy over matriarchy. Gee argument is based on empirical social research, and on this account, she successfully use Hockey as a sport to explain local gender hierarchies. Her discourse is substantial in reflecting to the bold perception of economic affiliation as explained in the role of masculinity, mentally and physically. This discussion will attempt to provide a double sided criticism of hegemonic masculinity as interpreted by Sarah Gee in her review against th e 2005 inside Warrior campaign. Critique Criticism for In debate of gender equality, the concept of one triumphing over the other has become the center of focus. Naturally, sports require both mental and physical attributes, which in this case, men triumph on the physical side. However, as this debate will attempt to singularize, there is an inherent subordinate role of social position in men. The 2005 campaign is a feature event that on several accounts explained the inherent role of men in the general society. The campaign sought to clarify the concept of hegemonic masculinity and how, in relation to this campaign, men maintain their dominant role in the society – primarily protection. Hegemonic masculinity has deep relation in a much elaborated theory, cultural hegemony by Antonio Gramsci. In both theories, a scholar will realize the analysis of power amongst social classes. While feminism is largely attributed as the intrinsic ability to reproduce, the patriarch camp has been vicious enough to apply masculinity to sustain a leading dominant position in the society. As the discussion will attempt to discover, there is close relation between the two centers of power, in how they alter each other. Currently, a significant percentage of men have not been involved in bellicose activities regarding physical hurting at war or any form of violence. This explains the validity of this campaign in concept of viscosity. Any scholar will note at ease the derived relation of hegemonic masculine theory in the aspect of struggle to explain the bread winning regime. Traditionally, the masculine affiliation has been attributed to violent, brutal, pseudo-natural and tough actions which psychologically explains why men should not only apply mental power in soliciting economic life, but as well as physical power. In relation to the 2005 campaign, it is coherent to concur that men not only applied their physical strength against equally trained men, but the also applied sticks which in this case had a close significance to a real time war (Hanold, 2012). The validity of these actions has close sources to the argument of anxiety provoking in a pursuit of a better economic good. The notion of hegemonic masculinity has been applied to explain social embodiment of masculine configuration. The theory clarifies that man cannot survive, that is in a smooth environment, without

'Working with and Leading people' Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

'Working with and Leading people' - Assignment Example The section continues to give a definition of management and differentiates it with leadership. The report then concludes with an analysis of the leadership styles and methods of motivation that relate to the case study provided in the assignment brief. JD Sports Fashion is among the leading sports and trainer fashion retailers in the U.K, Based in Bury, Great Manchester; the retailer owns numerous retail shops all over the United Kingdom. JD Sports Fashions has recently expanded its operations to Bristol and is in the process of scouting for a store manager of the premise. Following the expansion of JD Sports Fashion operations in Bristol and the growth in business activities at the store, the company is advertising for a store manager position. We aim at attracting a talented and enthusiastic individual with vast knowledge and experience in store keeping and management The store manager will be the head of the store management team and will be responsible for the daily planning, control and maintenance of the store activities. The store manager will also ensure that the customers have access to the necessary supplies. The recruitment process adhered to the legal and regulatory framework that applies to recruitment and placement. We ensured that all the members of the interview panel were appropriately trained in the recruitment and selection techniques and were aware of the relevant employment legislation to be adhered. Data protection and freedom of information legislation were also considered during the recruitment process. The data we requested the applicants to submit was only used for the specified and lawful purposes, relevant to the employment The information obtained from the applicants was confidential. All the recruitment staff members were required not to discuss with anyone other than the Human resource and the committee members on the

Managing Intercultural Workforce Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Intercultural Workforce - Case Study Example It is an in-flight meals provider for the airline industry companies that operates in 29 countries and employs 22,000 people, making 534,000 meals per day (Profile: Gate Gourmet, 2005, n/p). However, in August- September 2005 Gate Gourmet managed to get into the headings of almost every major business newspaper or magazine. The company has become a widely-cited example of airline industry outsourcing after some of the British Airlines employees joined the Gate Gourmet's workers for strike. In this paper I will assess the actions of Gate Gourmet management prior to and during the time of the strike and negotiations with regard to aspects of communication, decision-making, organizational culture and inter-organisational politics. Effective communication is of high importance to every organisation in every industry. Nevertheless, for the going through the hard times of restructuring and strategy rethinking airline industry companies it is a factor of extreme importance. ... According to the theory of equity which provides a simple framework for understanding how people decide whether they are being treated fairly in their relationships the distributive, procedural, and interactive dimensions of justice are distinguished between Perceptions of people that constitute base for the judgments about equity differ significantly, especially in the multicultural workforce environment like one at Gate Gourmet. If Gate Gourmet's management had properly addressed the notions of the distributive, procedural, and interactive justice, it would have lessen or prevent the escalation conflict that developed. Workers of Gate Gourmet, and British Airways employees that later joined them, went on strike not only because they perceived the job cuts to be unjust outcomes (distributive justice was not in place), but also because the procedures used and communication were not regarded as adequate for the situation. The latter aspect is addressed in the organizational behaviour theory as procedural and interactional justice. It focuses not on the final outcomes, but rather on the means deployed to get them. If the methods and procedures used to arrive at and implement decisions that affect the employee negatively are seen as fair, the reaction is likely to be much more positive than otherwise (Wagner & Hollenbeck, 2005, p. 235). To minimise the accumulating tension and anger among the employees and referent groups the Gate Gourmet management should have focused on procedures used. Emphasis on their consistency across time and other people, bias suppression, accuracy, correctability, ethicality and representativeness would be extremely important. Moreover, the

Business studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business studies - Essay Example Diversity was not encouraged neither welcome. However, organizations view diversity at workplace as a positive sign and they even try to position themselves as the champions of diversity. Minority groups are no longer forced to fit-in, in fact, organizations make an effort to understand their culture and background to deal with them in harmony (Ham, Shams & Madden, pp. 60-64, 2004). This paper is an attempt to look at how an American businessperson can reach the same wavelength as his Saudi Arabian counterpart while dealing with him regarding business issues. This paper will take use of the classic research of Hofstede and Trompenaars in order to explore lesson for the American businessperson as in to understand the Saudi Arabian culture. Discussion Despite the fact that the entire world is quickly moving away from traditional concepts in all occupations, Saudi Arabia is still one of those countries, which have remained as theoretic Islamic monarchy. This means that the concept of re ligious freedom does not exist even in its theoretical form. The constitution of Saudi Arabia assumes that all the citizens are Muslims, however, it does not prohibit from being a non-Muslim. However, important here to note is that any expression of any religion, other than Islam, in public is taken as misappropriate behavior in public (Shoult, pp. 89-96, 2006). Furthermore, even if someone is found to be following any other religion even in their private lives inside their homes, police has all the right to break in, arrest, and punish those individuals. In fact, there is an entire committee of officers with the name of Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice, which takes the responsibility of application of Shariah Laws on every individual (Morrison & Conaway, pp. 69-74, 2006). Therefore, this means many different things. Nothing can take place, which is not in line with Islam. There are many examples. For example, no liquor would be tolerated even for cel ebration of a business deal or successful completion of a project. Women cannot wear revealing or tight dresses, in fact, it necessary for women to cover their bodies. Furthermore, a considerable distance is important to keep between men and women during their work and conservations. While meetings, it is advisable not to make any comment on the women, which are more than 12 years of age, of the family of the Saudi counterpart. Conversations should start with Islamic greeting line, which is â€Å"As-salam alaikum†, and the reply shall be â€Å"Waf alaikum as-salam† (Ham, Shams & Madden, pp. 60-64, 2004). One of the biggest problems that western businesspersons face while dealing with Saudi people is regarding the conception of time. There is a huge difference between the value, perception, importance, and concept of time in both of these cultures. In western cultures, time is equivalent to money, a very crucial resource, important to use it fully and do not waste any o f it. Business meetings have fixed timings and participants try their level best to ensure that meetings must start at the specific time. Anyone who is late is considered as lazy, lethargic, rude, arrogant, careless, irresponsible and offensive (Shoult, pp. 89-96, 2006). People do not prefer to wait for each since waiting for someone has the meaning, which any

LEGAL ASPECTS OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LEGAL ASPECTS OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT - Essay Example Managers in hotel, restaurant and travel firms are therefore required by the law to prevent any form of violations to these laws. The managers of these firms need to take into consideration the various actions and precautions they need to avoid. Avoidance of these precautions will therefore save them the number of the lawsuits that they need to attend to. Good traits imposed by the management of these firms would provide the firms with good reputation. The reputation of the firm would earn the firm more clients. The success of the firm would also lies with the competency of the employees. Therefore, adequate and competent staff is vital for the realization of the objectives of the firm. Employee’s knowledge of the legal framework of the firm is equally important. Maintenance of good legal practices by the employees would ensure survival of the firm. The firm would be able to survive because it would not be subjected to many lawsuits. For the smooth running of the hotel, staff development is crucial. Proper management of these hotels, restaurants and travel firms would also ease the coordination of the scheduled activities of these firms. Managers would have ease time carrying out other administrative duties of the firms. Correct legal practice would also enable these firms to effectively deal with external forces such as the political environments. The knowledge of the legal practices would give hospitality management students a good chance to meet the expectations of the employer firms as well as the expectations of the recruiters (Gerber 168). Simulation of the â€Å"real world† dynamics The studies which were learnt in the class work would therefore impact the necessary skills required by the hospitality management students to effective manage such kinds of firms. Running and maintenance of hotel and restaurant firms is a demanding task. The manager of these firms must have the technical knowledge concerning the operations and the legal practic e of these businesses. The management processes would provide the hospitality students with the platform to put in practice all the theories they have learnt in the class. The knowledge of the laws governing the practice of hotel, restaurant and travel firms would help the students to; Meet the expectation of the employer and the recruiters Most of the employers and recruiters of the hospitality management students demand a lot from them. The employers would assume that the students have all the solutions to the problems that hospitality management profession faces. In such cases, the knowledge gathered from the class work would be essential. These students would use the knowledge learnt in class to provide the solutions for the numerous challenges that face this sector. The students would be able to schedule the activities of these firms for purposes of meeting the required levels of objectives. In this hospitality management course, the fresh students would be able to create a rea l life business plan for the firm and implementation of the created plans. The curriculum is needed to form the satisfaction of the basic purpose contained in the hospitality management education. The preparation procedures by the students would therefore entirely relies on the curricula. Create more business opportunity for these firms As managers of these firms, the students would be able to exercise the knowledge obtained from class to expand the business territory for the firms. The students wou

The Breakfast Club Film Analysis Essay Example for Free

The Breakfast Club Film Analysis Essay In the beginning of the movie I think the only person who falls under the open self category is Brian. He is upfront with the others about his grades, his academics, and his family. As the day goes on and he starts to bond more with the others he starts to talk about his thoughts and emotions as well. I didn’t think there was any one with a blind self. I felt that John was under the hidden self because he was just know for breaking rules, and doing what adults told him not to do. They also thought he was selfish and did not take into account any one else’s feelings or care about what he would say to the others. He then proves himself as not selfish when he distracts the princable so the others can get back to the library without being noticed. I also felt Allison would be under hidden self because she is very quiet and to her self, not revealing anything about her life to the others in the beginning, but then she starts to get more comfortable with them and starts to open up and be truthful with them about why she is there and how she feels about her family. Andrew and Claire to me both fell under the unknown self. Andrew just wants to please his father. He lives his life through what his father is expecting of him especially with his wrestling. He doesn’t do his think on his own, but through what he thinks his father would want. Claire is the privileged girl, who is unsure of herself in her own crowd of popular friends. I don’t think she wants to be popular and live up the other kid’s standards and have the same type of reputation. An example of the self-fulfilling formation is when John makes his comments about the rest of the student’s home life, and what it is like for them and their families at home. Claire judging John and saying that he is a â€Å"pig† when he is pressing her with sex questions would be a personality formation. And I think all the kids making their first impressions on the others are the primacy. Consistency would be Andrew being an athlete. I think for the fundamental attribution error I will talk about all five of the students in the movie. The students judge John on being the bad boy, menace, and bully. He does act like all of these things at the beginning of the movie, but with bringing out the other kids insecurities, and making them all feel uncomfortable with the things he says, he faces his own home life reality of being abused by his father. The abuse he is receiving at home is making him act out in school, and put up the act of being defiant, and bad. All of the students have a preconceived notion about Andrew because he is a star athlete, he has a perfect life. The reason he is in detention is because he injured another student. He did this to try and impress his father; he also says he joined the wrestling team because his father wanted him to. So essentially he is just looking for acceptance from his father and is willing to go as far as hurting another student to get that acceptance. Brian is known as the nerd, or the brain. He is in almost all of the academic clubs and does great with his grades in school. He says his parents push him very hard to maintain his grades and tell the others that he would rather kill himself then get a failing grade. Which his why he is in detention. Allison is the quiet one. She starts off by not saying much of anything. Then she opens up with the group saying her family ignores her at home, and would rather be at detention because she has nothing better to do. Claire is the rich and privileged girl, who everyone thinks gets anything she wants. She opens up and says that her parents play her against each other in their relationship, and how she really doesn’t like the fact that she is under so much pressure from others because she is in the popular group. To everyone’s surprised she also reveals that she is a virgin. I think when John is talking to Claire about her being popular and assuming she has sex she has a mental distraction and gets so mad she cannot think straight. John is also bias towards Brian when talking to him about when academic clubs he is in. Andrew starts to put John on the spot when talking about his home life and I think John has a lack of appropriate focus when he tells Andrew that he doesn’t want to talk about it anymore and walks away frustrated and mad to sit on the staircase. In my opinion all five of these kids have premature judgment. They think Andrew is just a jock, Claire is the popular girl, Brian is the nerd, Allison is the quiet and weird one, and John is the menace, and is obnoxious.

The Ecological Impact Of Coal Mining Environmental Sciences Essay

The Ecological Impact Of Coal Mining Environmental Sciences Essay The goal of coal mining is to economically remove coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and since the 1880s is widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. Coal is the most important fossil fuel around the world and vital for its energy security. In the process of development, coal mining is one of the major industries, which is contributing accidentally towards the pollution of the environment. The power sector is the bigger consumer followed by industrial sector (steel and cement manufacturing units). It also assures the energy supply which is important for any countries development. Coal is still remains essential in producing a diverse and balanced energy mix. It is a major fuel generating electricity worldwide. Coal is poised with different toxics which effect the environment and one of the key challenges coal industries is facing today. Coal is less effective and energy efficient compared to other fossil fuels and pollutes more as well. The main concerns is to focus at the regional level to do with the environmental impacts on air, water, land, forest, climate and the costs of mitigating these. Even with these concerns coal will remain a future mainstay. The coal mining industry finds it difficult to meet current needs as a bridge to meet future goal through the enhancement of knowledge and technology. The challenge is to apply the right technology in the most efficient and environmentally friendly way [1]. . Environmental Issues Most of the mining operations carried out underground and opencast mines like drilling, blasting, extraction transportation and crushing. These operations damage the environment and ecology to an unacceptable extent. Sometimes rapid and unchecked activities results in air, water and noise pollution, land degradation, health hazards, loss of forest wealth and agriculture land, drying of wells, rehabilitation problems lending to large scale environmental deterioration [2]. Environmental issues should observe and controlled by appropriate planning and study. A balance is required between mining and environment. In addition, due to excessive mining, chances of accidents increase which lead to misery and tragedy [2]. Impact of Mining on Air Quality Air pollution happened in mines due to the runaway emissions of particulate matter and gases including methane, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Mining operations produce a lot of dust. The drilling, loading, transporting, blasting, hauling, and crushing mainly produce dust in major operations. They dust sources in mines can be categorized as primary sources that generate the dust and secondary sources, which disperse the dust and carry it from place to place called as fugitive dust [2]. Opencast mining has severe impact on air pollution as compared to underground mining. In underground mining men suffer from dust inside underground mine workings. But opencast mining create much more air quality deterioration in respect of dust and gaseous pollutants. It creates air pollution problem not only within the mining premises but also in surrounding residential area affecting abundant air quality. High levels of suspended particulate matter increase respiratory diseases such as chronic bronchitis and asthma cases while gaseous emissions contribute towards global warming besides causing health hazards to the exposed population [2]. The dust which is uncontrollable creates serious health hazards and also affects the productivity creating poor visibility, increased maintenance cost, breakdown of equipment and ultimately deteriorates the ambient air quality in and around the mining site. The dust can also pollute nearby surface waters and stunt crop growth by shading and clogging the pores of the plants [2]. Besides polluting the environment, the generation of dust means the loss of fines, which act as road surface binders. The vehicular traffic on haul roads has been identified as the most important cause of fugitive dust emissions [2]. The increase in the earths surface temperature due to the presence of certain gases in the atmosphere called greenhouse effect [3]. These gases are building up by human activities by extracting various minerals from the earth. The combustion of coal produces CO2 like other fossil fuels, this gas affect the greenhouse effect which is linked to global warming. The coal combustion produces gaseous emissions of nitrous oxides (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) that produces ground level ozone and acid rain. SO2 and NOx gases react in the atmosphere with oxygen, water and other chemicals to form acidic compounds. Ground level ozone (O3) is mainly responsible for smog that forms a brown haze over cities. Ground level ozone is formed when NOx gases react with other chemicals in the atmosphere and is enhanced by strong sunlight [3]. Emissions of SO2 and NOx are termed trans-boundary air pollution because the environmental impacts from the production of these gases are not restricted by geographical boundaries [2]. Impact of Mining on Water regime Mining activities not only use a lot of water but it also affect the hydrological regime in the region and can affect the water quality. Disturbance to hydrologic regime The deep and large opencast mines have greater impact on the hydrologic regime in the region. With deforestation over the mine leasehold and changes brought about in the watershed characteristics, water flow in many streams in mining regions, is known to have dwindled and some perennial streams have turned into seasonal streams and others have receded [2]. The most important impact in large and deep opencast mine is on the ground water regime of the region. The water seeping into the mine and collected in the mine sump is partly used up in the mine and the excess amount is discharged into the surface drainage system [1]. The water used up in the mine for spraying on haul roads, conveyors, at loading and unloading points, bunkers etc. are lost by evaporation. A deep mine is likely to have longer haul roads requiring more spraying water. The water used for green belts and plantation areas are also lost by evapo-transpiration [2]. A part of the water discharged into the surface drainage system seeps into the ground and partially replenishes the loss of ground water caused by mine seepage but the proportion is generally very low. Many countries face the problem of over exploitation of ground water resources results in alarming lowering of water table [2]. The major focus is taken to estimating the water need and the mines for future to apply constraints on water use and discharge. The opportunity to re-use the water for drinking or agriculture purposes from surface and underground mines. Women in particular should be protected from potentially diminished water supplies. Mining companies should be a partner with the community in integrated water management. If mining diminishes the local water supply, then that water needs to be replaced [2]. To reduce the impact on the surface water bodies and surface drainage system, the surface layout for the underground and opencast should be planned and well managed. Underground and opencast mines should be planned with provisions for the development of underground and surface water bodies so that in the post mining period water in sufficient quantity is available for various uses [2]. In both the opencast and underground mines water is pumped out of the mines. This water should be planned for treatment so that the requirement for domestic and industrial uses can be met. Acid Mine Drainage Acidic water damages the water severely and produces water pollution problems. Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) refers to distinctive types of waste bodies that originate from the weathering and leaching of sulphide minerals present in coal and associated strata [2]. Environmental effects of AMD include contamination of drinking water and disrupted growth and reproduction of aquatic plants and animals. Effects of AMD related to water pollution include the killing of fish and loss of aquatic life and corrosion of mining equipments and structures such as barges, bridges and concrete materials [1]. AMD is the most persistent pollution problems in mines of North Eastern Coalfield. Generally, water quality characteristics of acidic mine water reflect high acidity and high hardness along with high iron and sulphate contents [2]. Various toxic trace/ heavy metals become soluble in acidic water and may be presenting significant to concentration levels depending upon their availability in the source material [1]. Fortunately the considerable majority of coal mining areas are safe and only in a few localized areas problem of AMD exists. AMD cripples the economy of mines due to compliance of stringent environmental standards and involves huge cost burden in its management [2]. Augmentation of pumped out mine water from coal/Lignite mines The mining industry has to discharge millions of litres of water every day to the adjacent watercourses and thereby may cause water pollution in and around the mining areas [2]. This water, otherwise a valuable water resource because of acceptable quality, becomes contaminated with various domestic and industrial trade effluents and subsequently is just wasted while putting on an extra cost burden on the underground mines [2]. Further costs are incurred on abstraction of water from adjoining surface water bodies containing this water and additional costs are required for the treatment to meet the water quality objective criteria [2]. It is emphasized here to augments and protects this precious ground water availability of nearly acceptable quality to meet various water demands particularly drinking water of already affected mining population [2]. Augmentation of pumped out mine water from coal/Lignite mines for various water supplies particularly for potable purpose should be the pri me goal of the concerned mining authority in the already drought prone thickly populated mining areas [2]. Heavy Metal Pollution The heavy metals are important component of pollutants which not only cause phytotoxicity but also enter into food chain causing hazardous impacts on human health and animals. Human biology is full of instances where heavy metals toxicity has led to mass death [2]. Heavy metal pollution is quite prevalent in acidic mine water situations. Mining and Milling operations, together with grinding, concentrating ores and disposal of tailings, provide obvious sources of contamination in the surface environment, along with mine and mill waste water. As a result, elevated levels of heavy metals can be found in and around metalliferous mines due to discharge and dispersion of mine wastes into nearby agricultural soils, food crops and stream systems [2]. Eventually, they may pose a potential health risk to residents in the vicinity of mining areas. The extent and degree of heavy metal contamination around the mines vary depending upon geochemical characteristics and mineralization of tailings. Water Pollution from seepage, waste dumps and mine benches Major water pollution problem occurs due to erosion of mine benches, overburden and reject dumps and failing dams [2]. The soil particles are carried away during the heavy rains due to deforestation and baring of ground. The blasted material in overburden and mine benches contain fine particles, which are also carried away by the rainwater [1]. Many chemicals also enter the water streams in dissolved state. These sediment-carrying effluents are responsible for siltation of agricultural fields and chocking of streams and rivers on the downstream. Surface and ground water pollution, is a common feature of mining and associated processing activities [2]. Runoff from dumps and exposed mine surface carries fine sediments in suspension, which is deposited on downstream valleys and agricultural fields. Impact of Coal Mine Fire Most of the coal mines are affected by fires which leads the steady destruction of energy resource. The reason for mine fires presumably involves the phenomenon of spontaneous heating through two interrelated processes viz., the oxygen coal interaction or oxidative process and the thermal process [2]. If the fire remains uncontrolled, it can spread further through the pathways and crack in the strata. Mine fires give hike to several environmental problems besides economic losses and safety hazards. Apart from direct losses due to burning of coal, the other associated hazards encountered are [2]: Gas poisoning Difficult geo-mining conditions Sterilization of coal Hindrance to production Explosions Damage structure and adjacent properties The adverse impacts of mine fires are observed on all the four basic components of the environment viz. Air, water, land and population. Mine fires pollute the atmosphere to a greater extent and have a bad impact on air. The effects are severe on air once the fire becomes surface fires. The pollutants released from mine fires mainly comprise of gases like carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulphides (H2S) and other photosensitive oxidants apart from particulate matter [2]. Un-burnt hydrocarbons in presence of NOx and other oxidants produce eye irritation. Impact of Mining on Land The type of mining operation used for extracting coal, mining constantly results in enormous land disturbance- e.g. large scale excavation, creation of derelict land, removal of top soil, dumping of solid wastes, cutting of roads, etc [1]. The mining industry is not eager to re-handle the overburden material for economic reasons but you can see in few cases they planned to re-handle the material to fill the empty space created at the end of mining, and probably this practice will become more common and spread in future. Opencast mining has bigger impact on land compared to underground mining. With new and improved technology, opencast coal mining is used commonly because it is cost effectiveness and productivity in large-scale land disturbance. Underground mining has considerably less impact than opencast mining on land [2]. The surface settling impose several damages to engineering structures such as bridges, highways, buildings and drainage besides interfering with ground water regime. Impact of Mining on ecology The mining results the significant area of land devalued and existing ecosystem are replaced by unwanted wastes. The extraction process of mineral drastically alters the biological and physical nature of the mining area. Commonly practiced strip-mining to recover coal reserves, causes extensive soil damage, destroys vegetation and destroy and alter microbial community. In the process of removing desired mineral material, the original vegetation is inevitably destroyed and soil is lost or buried by waste [2]. We are usually confronted with a complete absence of soil, in either a pedagogical or a biological sense, and what is left is just a skeleton full of limiting factors. Strip-mining can cause compaction, changes in soil texture, loss of soil structure and reduced water infiltration. In addition, steep-sided soil piles are prone to erosion [1]. The landscapes that emerge are devoid of supportive and nutritive capacity for biomass development. Several microbial processes such as nitrogen and carbon cycling, humidification and soil aggregation are practically non-functional posing scientific challenges in the restoration of rhizosphere productivity and fertility [2]. The devalued land does not posses suitable surface soil to provide bedding layer for anchorage of plant and to support the biomass. Also the plant growth is not supported due to presence of toxic materials gradual increase in such landscapes due to intensive mining activity endangers not only the agro forestry productivity but also the aquatic eco-systems [2]. Impact of Noise and Vibrations from Mining The mining activities produce enormous noise and vibration which establish a disturbance in the source. The blasting of hundred of tones of explosive is identified as prostrate noise in the mining area. In pit crushing system with mobile crusher and large capacity materials handling plants are being installed to facilitate speedy handling of large quantities [2]. All these activities are major sources of noise vibrations in and around the mining complexes. The major implication of noise is the potential hearing loss of human ear. The noise also produces other health effects, influence to work performance and makes communications more difficult. The wildlife in the forests and other areas surrounding are also affected by noise. The wildlife is more sensitive to noise and vibration as compared to human beings. Select all potentially noisy construction equipment and then consider the sound power level of the equipment and comply with the need to limit the noise in the mining area. If the operations have the potential to beak the specified noise limits or barrier then effective measures needs to be taken to ensure the sound power level is within the limits either by using different equipments which has less noise and while constructing the plant noise attenuation materials should be used to reduce the effective noise.

Plan for launching a sugarcane juice

Plan for launching a sugarcane juice This report explains the marketing plan for launching a sugarcane Juice named Freezy. This product has been made by the Freshwater. In the very beginning of the report we have explained the mission and vision of the Sugarcane juice and then we have further carried out our activities to achieve our goals and objectives. It will be introduced in the market with the help of various promotional displays, advertisement and distribution of free samples to the general public and financial institution. This report examines that this product is initially launching in Whole Pakistan domestic market. The study included both primary and secondary research. We have conducted SWOT analysis of the company to see the companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Then we have explained the purposes, benefits and objectives of our product. Then we have made marketing strategies for our product. We have divided market into different segments and decided to target the male, female, youngster mature and old age person. We have also paid special attention to the packaging, color and price of the product. We have decided to place the product in all the markets of Pakistan. We will promote our product through electronic media, print media, cable, and outdoor sources. We shall also conduct a market survey in future to know the opinion of public about our product and developed our product accordingly to our customers changing needs and demands. Description of the Company Freezy is the brand name of new juice launched by Freshwater in Pakistan. Freshwater is founded in 2010 with the launching of their first product named as Freezy. High capital investments are involved in new business. We have started this business to produce new products and to monopolize the market through our products. Our target products in which we are specialized are juices. So we will produce new and new type of juices in different flavors which already doesnt exist in the market. After observing the high consumption of sugar cane juices at the roadside sellers of non-purified sugar cane juice, we realized the need for sugar cane juice because for long period of time there was no entry in the market as sugar cane juice in the form of disposable bottle packing. We are launching our product throughout the Pakistan except some cold climate areas. Mission Statement To refresh the people of all ages with our product. We want to be at the top in the field of juices and breweries. Vision To evolve as one of the best Producer of quality sugarcane which is organically, grown extract juice scientifically and, serve totally natural healthy and hygienic DESI refreshment in the world and continue to retain the position. Product Our product is basically a sugarcane juice in a bottle pack. The product will be enjoying a monopoly in the market as there is no existing sugarcane juice in the form of disposable bottle in the market but if we see as overall market than there is no monopoly for this juice because this juice is been sold on the roadsides by crushing the sugar cans with machines in the glass. Sugar cane juice is a healthy alternative to refined sugar. While both sweeteners are made from sugar cane, evaporated cane juice does not undergo the same degree of processing that refined sugar does. Therefore, unlike refined sugar, it retains more of the nutrients found in sugar cane. Sugar cane juice is a highly refreshing drink. It contains about 15 per cent natural sugar and is rich in organic salts and vitamins. Fresh sugar cane juice has no preservatives, however its tendency to turn black from oxidation soon after pressing is very high, so to secure from oxidation we should pack in air tight di sposable bottle packaging. Current Situation Market Analysis Market Definition: Demographic and Geographic segmentation: Age: 3+ Years Gender: Both male and female. Income: All social classes except lower lower. Geographic: We are targeting all of the Pakistan except some of the northern areas in Pakistan Market Needs In summer people of all ages take soft drinks and juices to reduce their thirst. So Sugarcane juice in disposable bottle pack is highly demanded by customers because it reduces the thirst and it is useful for healthy life because it is hygienic and pure. So when it is highly available at affordable price at everywhere customers will use Sugarcane juice than soft drinks because it has no side effects and it is safe. Total population As our current target is the whole country Pakistan other than some northern areas so total population will be almost 100+ million people. Potential market As if we take a look at the market of Pakistan huge number of people are interested in consuming liquid products as their daily usage products like juices. The sugar cane juice is available on the roadsides but they are not much purified which is block between the juice and the upper class customers which are basically loyal to quality specially. So the probability of marketing Sugarcane juice to potential customer as upper class or quality loyal customer will be high. If we look overall our potential customer are almost all of the people in the country from lower middle class to upper middle class except the northern areas because people are not much demanding the frosty drinks there. Market segmentation Selecting Target Market: According to market segmentation our target market are the people of almost all the classes starting from lower upper to upper class. As according to the demographics people use to drink the sugarcane juice in the summer season. As this product is particularly for summer season because it only taste well in hot climate. And consuming it in winter doesnt suits the mind of people because people tend to consume hot products like coffee and tea. Our less focus areas are the northern areas because throughout the year those areas are having cold climates. Our Target Market based on demographics Includes: Individuals with age 3 years and above Individuals across all income groups Working and non working individuals Students Institutions and offices Restaurants and hotels Psychographic Segmentation: According to psychographic segmentation we targeted people who are: Health conscious customers Customers who have preference towards Nature and natural products Quality conscious customers Customers who have diverse tastes and Seek variety Non users and potential users Competitor: Our competitors are the roadside sellers of sugar cane juice. But the substitute products are another big competitive force affecting our product in the market. Substitute competitors include Manufacturers and producers of: Branded and unbranded fruit juices. Fruit based milk drinks. Natural mineral water. Fruit shakes. These substitute products are totally different in nature from the sugar cane juice but still its a substitute because these are also cold juices. There are some factors which differ allot between our juice and roadside juice sellers juice who are the main competitor of FREEZY Juice: We are different from roadside sellers because Our juice is a purified and quality assured product. We offer juice in a sealed bottle packing where as roadside sellers are delivering the product in the glasses. We have quality standards and can turn customers from the road to our outlet through effective marketing strategies. Due to lack of packing roadside sellers are not easily available everywhere. Whereas our product is available in every general store in almost all the target cites in Pakistan. Market trends: In target market there is trend of soft drinks and juices. People use juices to have a fit life and also to serve their guests as well. Because juices are hygienic and nutritious and have a good taste then soft drinks. In summer its usage is more so the availability should be increased to meet the demand of customers. Summary of Situation Analysis: SWOT Analysis: Internal: Strength: First opportunity that we enjoy is that we are playing a monopoly in the means of sugar cane juice in the form of packing in Pakistan. As for first producer of sugar cane juice in bottle packing in Pakistan we can make our customer loyal to our product in the means of brand, quality, price etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. by making effective marketing strategies. Weaknesses : As the juice is fresh and no artificial flavors are used in the production of the juice. So juice has not long lasting life. The life of juice is 15 days which creates barriers for not buying juices in bulk for home use. External: Opportunity As for new product in the market we can make huge number of profits from the market. We can introduce flavored sugarcane juices. E.g., mint and ginger flavor etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This in results can increase the sales to earn more profits to the organization. We can export our product to foreign country in order to earn more profit. Threats Due to growth in inflation rate in Pakistan the intermediary goods are getting expensive which lead to an increase in price in future and increase in price leads to a loss of customer from the most lower class of our target market and price conscious customers as well, and may affect sales by turning to substitute and competitive goods. Our product is especially for summers so there is low number of sales in winter season. So high marketing costs are required to increase sales in winter season. There are no many entry barriers so a large numbers of local juices enter in juices market. Marketing Strategies: Product: Core benefit Core benefit means the services and benefits the customer is really buying. Our customer fulfills its need of thrust and refreshment by buying our freezy juice. Juice as being a pure sugarcane juice without any artificial flavors is also a core benefit of our product Augmented product Products that include deign, features and packaging that go beyond consumer expectations and differentiate the product from competitors. Our juice taste and flavor is according to the customer expectations because we provide 100% pure juice. We have no compromise with quality Following things include in the sale of product: Design The design of sugarcane juice that it will be in attractive and stylish disposable bottle pack in following size: 250ml 500ml 1000ml Features The features of our product are: Use full for healthy life Good in taste Help to digest food Everyday Energy Available in different flavors in future. Packaging: Our product will be in disposable bottle packaging and is air tight sealed so the juice could survive for some period of time. The design of our packing is attractive and eye catching. Price: The price of the product can also influence the buying behavior of the consumers because in Pakistan there are different level of classes based on the income difference so price is the one of the important factor, some of the consumer can afford the price and others cant, so we must set the price of the product that is afforded by all the social classes of the region. So we use penetration pricing strategy. If we look at the middle middle till lower lower class in Pakistan all of the people are highly price conscious. Price Structure (Consumer price): 250ml Rs.20 500 ml Rs.35 1000ml Rs.60 Distribution: The place of the distribution and availability of the product also influence the buying behavior because if the product is in reach of the consumer he will prefer it and if it is hard to find the product in the market he will never buy that product. So we have effective distribution strategies by making distributors in every city and provided them with number of facilities like order bookers and sales persons and a supervisor. And we allow our distributors to supply product to both wholesalers and retailers. Because of this our product will be available at more shops and our sales will increase. Distribution Channel: Manufacturer Distributor Retailer Wholesaler Promotional Strategies: The promotion of the product i.e. the advertisement, sales promotion and other promotional tools can change the buying behavior because some of the individuals highly influenced by the advertisement of the product. We have decided to use integrated marketing communication in which there will be blend of different marketing promotional tools that will convey clear and consistent message of our product to the customers. These Promotional tools which are given below: Newspapers: Newspaper has the widest readership and circulation among our targeted market; these would carry most of the advertisements for the publication media. Also, the print ads will be published in other much read newspapers like be designed, i.e. half page and quarter page. Television: Tele commercials will be aired on sports channels and news channels as the viewer ship Of these channels is highly common among the targeted market. Billboards: Billboards will be placed at busy roads in big cities. Billboards will be our most permanent and long lasting form of advertisement. Promotional Vans and Activities: Promotional vans would be deployed on public places which would distribute sugar cane juice for free giving out the message of being an instant energy drink. This campaign of free sampling would last for three months at least in order to make people aware of the benefits and the attributes. Also all the delivery vans distributor have will be printed by the advertisement of Freezy juice. Promotional Activities includes the display of juice in the retail shops by paying retailers or giving discount on the juice. And deploying stalls outside or inside the shop so to bring in the product to the customers who came to the retail shop for purchasing and create awareness in them for the purchase of Freezy Sugar cane juice.

Comparing the Social Criticism of Voltaires Candide and Samuel Johnso

Comparing the Social Criticism of Voltaire's Candide and Samuel Johnson's Rasselas      Ã‚  Ã‚   Samuel Johnson and Voltaire were both writers of enormous social conscience in the eighteenth century. It is not surprising then to discover that both men wrote short tales dealing primarily with criticism of the human condition. Ironically, these books were written and published within weeks of each other in 1759 (Enright 16). Johnson's Rasselas and Voltaire's Candide are strikingly similar in their use of the episodic and romantic picaresque motifs. The underlying purpose within each author's criticism, however, allows many differences in the two tales to surface. The author's intentions diverge beyond superficial similarities and each work develops a unique vantage point from which to observe humanity.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Neither work can be accused of being a realistic tale. These moral fables are set in a fantastic, utopian, and ludicrous world. The distance from the reader in each tale is quite different, however. Johnson places realistic characters in an unrealistic world. He remains on the same level with his characters, describing the situations and environment in which they find themselves. In this manner the reader can identify with and feel empathy for the characters in Rasselas. They are thinking, caring, fallible human beings equal to the reader and the author.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Voltaire creates a chasm between humanity and the world of Candide. The reader laughs not only at the situation or environment, for the characters are just as ludicrous as the world in which they live. It is possible that Voltaire wants his audience to assume a position of moral superiority when reading the tale. The reader cannot take characte... ...liography Enright, D.J.   Introduction.   The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia. By Samuel Johnson. London: Penguin Group, 1976.   p.12,16.  Ã‚   Hill, G.B.   Introduction. The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia. By Samuel Johnson.   Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1887.   p.17.  Ã‚   Johnson, Samuel. The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia. Ed. Enright, D.J.   London: Penguin Group,1988.   p.43,45,65,103   Johnson, Samuel.   "The Rambler No.184."   Rpt. in Enright, D.J.   Introduction. The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia. By Samuel Johnson. London: Penguin Group, 1976. p.32.  Ã‚   Maurois, Andre.   "The Sage of Ferney."   Voltaire.   New York: D. Appleton & Co, 1932.   Rpt. in Candide.   Trans. Bair, Lowell.   New York: Bantam Books, 1988.   P.6-7.  Ã‚   Voltaire.   Candide.   Trans. Bair, Lowell.   New York: Bantam Books, 1988.   p.73,120.   

Networking :: Free Essay Writer

Networking For my independent study, I have created a network in my house. A network by definition are more than one computer that are linked together electronically via a protocol (common language) so the computers can communicate and share resources. This network improves the day-to-day life by adding value and usefulness to the computers. The processes and ideas that I have learned thru this experience can be applied directly into today’s rich electronic business environment. Identifying the needs of the user is the first step for building a well-designed Network. A professional installation was needed to maintain the aesthetics of the rental house. Most of the wires are run in the attic and then down plastic conduit attached to the wall. The conduit is run all the way to the wall boxes where the Ethernet ports are located. Every wire is clearly labeled and included in an easy to read schematic of the house. This way future tenants will have the ability to utilize the network. Next, every room needed to have access to the network. In order to minimize the overall use of wires, hubs were placed in strategic locations. An 8-port 10/100-megabit auto-sensing hub is located in the computer room and a 5 port 10-megabit in the sound room. There, needed to be docking stations, so laptop users or visiting computers could easily plug into the network and utilize the pre-existing monitor, keyboard, and mouse. These are the basic needs that have been put int o the design of the network. Each computer setup is unique with certain strengths and weaknesses. The network takes advantage of the strengths of each individual computer and makes them available to all users. A network essentially expands the capabilities of each computer by increasing functionality thru resource sharing. In the house, there are a total of four computers and two laptops. Processing speed and an abundance of ram is not essential for a server with such low traffic. Thus the most antiquated computer was elected for this function. Between all the computers, we have several extra pieces of hardware such as a zip drive, CDRW, DVD ROM, scanner, and multiple printers. Each piece of hardware is dispersed between the computers. There were several immediate efficiencies that occurred when the network went operational. The zip drive is located on the server while the CDRW is located on one of the individual workstations. Networking :: Free Essay Writer Networking For my independent study, I have created a network in my house. A network by definition are more than one computer that are linked together electronically via a protocol (common language) so the computers can communicate and share resources. This network improves the day-to-day life by adding value and usefulness to the computers. The processes and ideas that I have learned thru this experience can be applied directly into today’s rich electronic business environment. Identifying the needs of the user is the first step for building a well-designed Network. A professional installation was needed to maintain the aesthetics of the rental house. Most of the wires are run in the attic and then down plastic conduit attached to the wall. The conduit is run all the way to the wall boxes where the Ethernet ports are located. Every wire is clearly labeled and included in an easy to read schematic of the house. This way future tenants will have the ability to utilize the network. Next, every room needed to have access to the network. In order to minimize the overall use of wires, hubs were placed in strategic locations. An 8-port 10/100-megabit auto-sensing hub is located in the computer room and a 5 port 10-megabit in the sound room. There, needed to be docking stations, so laptop users or visiting computers could easily plug into the network and utilize the pre-existing monitor, keyboard, and mouse. These are the basic needs that have been put int o the design of the network. Each computer setup is unique with certain strengths and weaknesses. The network takes advantage of the strengths of each individual computer and makes them available to all users. A network essentially expands the capabilities of each computer by increasing functionality thru resource sharing. In the house, there are a total of four computers and two laptops. Processing speed and an abundance of ram is not essential for a server with such low traffic. Thus the most antiquated computer was elected for this function. Between all the computers, we have several extra pieces of hardware such as a zip drive, CDRW, DVD ROM, scanner, and multiple printers. Each piece of hardware is dispersed between the computers. There were several immediate efficiencies that occurred when the network went operational. The zip drive is located on the server while the CDRW is located on one of the individual workstations.

Mosaic vs Melting Pot

Canada prides itself at home and abroad as a country made up of a cultural mosaic rather than a cultural melting pot. The mosaic is based on our belief that Canada as a whole becomes stronger by having immigrants bring with them their cultural diversity for all Canadians to learn from. The cultural melting pot, as adopted in the United States, tells immigrants that no matter who they have been in the past, upon landing on American shores, they are Americans and are expected to adopt and follow the American way. At the heart of Canadian society is our legal system. Our legal system is based on the English Common Law model, which in turn is based on a value system that places a strict adherence to following procedural rules over the substantive matter before the Court. The Canadian model is based on precedence which means that Courts are loath to do anything that has not been done by some Court previously. This in turn makes Cana- dian Courts very slow to adapt or adopt new ideas or social mores. From a cultural perspective, the Canadian legal system takes the `melting pot' approach, which is to say that culturally unique methods of dispute resolu- tion are not accepted by our legal system. Instead, our legal system imposes its values on all who come before it. For example, in the family separation cases the courts apply English or French legal systems, yet there are varied cultures and people in Canada with different notions of what a family separation should mean or entail and that is not always reflected in court decisions. The courts are not always obliged to take cultural values in account when decisions are made. One of the issues this dichotomy presents are how the Canadian legal system can be more flexible in accepting different values for settling disputes.

Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da Vinci

Leonardo was a man of many different talents; among those talents were polymath, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, inventor, engineer, writer, geologist, anatomist, cartographer, anatomist, and botanist. Leonardo was primarily known for his painting (Mona Lisa, the last supper, Vitamins Man), and his fascinating inventions (Helicopter, tank, flying Machine, Viola Organists) which I will be talking about in depth in my research paper. First study science, and then follow with practice based on science†¦..The painter who draws by practice and judgment of the eye without the use of reason is like the mirror the reproduces within itself all the objects which are set opposite to it without knowledge of the same†¦. The youth ought first to learn perspective, then the proportions of everything, then he should learn from the hand off good master. Leonardo Dad Vinci The Renaissance marked the transition point from the middle ages to the modern world. Young Leonardo Did Seer Piper Dad Vince received his education of Painter, sculptor, and engineering in Florence in the early sass.In a time when coming with a new approach toward science was considered a direct insult or challenge to the church, Leonardo managed to project his new finding of science, Mathematics formulas, and logical reasoning without creating a new reform of cultural beliefs. Among his reaction we can find what is considered to be an early predecessor of today's helicopter. Between 1480 and 1493 Leonardo Dad Vinci designed what is known today as the â€Å"Aerial Screw' or also known as the â€Å"Helical Air Screw'.Leonardo Helical Air Screw measure approximately fifteen feet across and the material used to build it were reed, linen, and wire. The main power proportion came from four men that were standing in the middle of the craft rotating different pedals in order to rotate the screw like shaft (See figure L-1). Leonardo was a very methodical reader and writer. He often read books that interest him with pen on hand. He was so critical of himself that he used to describe his though in writing, and draw them most of the time in order to retrace his thinking.In the old time it was common for inventors to read others innovators ideas in order to create new ones or reproduce the same invention with improvements. One of those creations was the Leonardo â€Å"Assault Vehicle†. After researching Roberto Evaluator's â€Å"De re military', Leonardo Dad Vinci went ahead and created the Assault Vehicle with a technology that was unheard of at the time. Due to the lack of funds and the war at the Apennines Peninsula Leonardo had o restrain his master creation to Just a blueprint.The Assault Vehicle had an upside- down cone shape with four wheels at the bottom, and a crankshaft for propulsion. Been that Leonardo was so critical of his own invention, he decided to make improvement to his own invention at a later time. One of those improvements was the vehicle self-propulsion. Leonardo achieved this improvement by creating a spring-power system (As the Motor), and an innovated differential transmission system. (L-2 Picture of Assault Vehicle) Another area in which Leonardo Dad Vinci broke new ground was painting.But to his misfortune in life by 1514 most of his paintings were not completed due to lack of commissions and Italian's wars. One of those paintings happened to be the â€Å"Mona Lisa† or â€Å"La Cocooned† a 16th century oil painting portray of â€Å"Lisa did Antonio Maria Grenadine† which in today's expert opinion it is one of the most impossible to comprehend painting in the history of art. Leonardo started to paint the Mona Lisa in 1503 under the commission of Francesco did Bartholomew did Zinnia del Giaconda and finished nil 519 shortly before he died.By 1511 Leonardo had to migrate under the Melee family protection to Vapor where he sided and produced magnificent creation of arts for two years in order to repay the Melee family hospitality. While at Vapor Leonardo continued to develop his new projects and improving his paintings knowing that sooner or later he will have to find a more suitable patron in order to be able to finance his work. The solution to financial impasse came in February 1 513 in the hand of Giovanni De' Medici, the younger descendent of Lorenz IL Magnificent. With the death of Pope Julius II in Rome and Giovanni asserted to papacy under the name of Pope Leo X.Giuliani De' Medici rather of Pope Leo X and by them commander of the papal army, invited Leonardo to Rome for his knowledge of art and military technology. The invitation to Rome by Giuliani De' Medici was the opportunity that Leonardo Dad Vinci was waiting for. Unlimited commissions, immeasurable social status, and a very power full patron. What else? By September 1513 Leonardo relocated himself back to Rome where he was accommodated in the Vatican luxury Belvedere villas together with all his painting including some half stages such us the Lead, the Mona Lisa, and the Saint Anne. Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da Vinci Leonardo was a man of many different talents; among those talents were polymath, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, inventor, engineer, writer, geologist, anatomist, cartographer, anatomist, and botanist. Leonardo was primarily known for his painting (Mona Lisa, the last supper, Vitamins Man), and his fascinating inventions (Helicopter, tank, flying Machine, Viola Organists) which I will be talking about in depth in my research paper. First study science, and then follow with practice based on science†¦..The painter who draws by practice and judgment of the eye without the use of reason is like the mirror the reproduces within itself all the objects which are set opposite to it without knowledge of the same†¦. The youth ought first to learn perspective, then the proportions of everything, then he should learn from the hand off good master. Leonardo Dad Vinci The Renaissance marked the transition point from the middle ages to the modern world. Young Leonardo Did Seer Piper Dad Vince received his education of Painter, sculptor, and engineering in Florence in the early sass.In a time when coming with a new approach toward science was considered a direct insult or challenge to the church, Leonardo managed to project his new finding of science, Mathematics formulas, and logical reasoning without creating a new reform of cultural beliefs. Among his reaction we can find what is considered to be an early predecessor of today's helicopter. Between 1480 and 1493 Leonardo Dad Vinci designed what is known today as the â€Å"Aerial Screw' or also known as the â€Å"Helical Air Screw'.Leonardo Helical Air Screw measure approximately fifteen feet across and the material used to build it were reed, linen, and wire. The main power proportion came from four men that were standing in the middle of the craft rotating different pedals in order to rotate the screw like shaft (See figure L-1). Leonardo was a very methodical reader and writer. He often read books that interest him with pen on hand. He was so critical of himself that he used to describe his though in writing, and draw them most of the time in order to retrace his thinking.In the old time it was common for inventors to read others innovators ideas in order to create new ones or reproduce the same invention with improvements. One of those creations was the Leonardo â€Å"Assault Vehicle†. After researching Roberto Evaluator's â€Å"De re military', Leonardo Dad Vinci went ahead and created the Assault Vehicle with a technology that was unheard of at the time. Due to the lack of funds and the war at the Apennines Peninsula Leonardo had o restrain his master creation to Just a blueprint.The Assault Vehicle had an upside- down cone shape with four wheels at the bottom, and a crankshaft for propulsion. Been that Leonardo was so critical of his own invention, he decided to make improvement to his own invention at a later time. One of those improvements was the vehicle self-propulsion. Leonardo achieved this improvement by creating a spring-power system (As the Motor), and an innovated differential transmission system. (L-2 Picture of Assault Vehicle) Another area in which Leonardo Dad Vinci broke new ground was painting.But to his misfortune in life by 1514 most of his paintings were not completed due to lack of commissions and Italian's wars. One of those paintings happened to be the â€Å"Mona Lisa† or â€Å"La Cocooned† a 16th century oil painting portray of â€Å"Lisa did Antonio Maria Grenadine† which in today's expert opinion it is one of the most impossible to comprehend painting in the history of art. Leonardo started to paint the Mona Lisa in 1503 under the commission of Francesco did Bartholomew did Zinnia del Giaconda and finished nil 519 shortly before he died.By 1511 Leonardo had to migrate under the Melee family protection to Vapor where he sided and produced magnificent creation of arts for two years in order to repay the Melee family hospitality. While at Vapor Leonardo continued to develop his new projects and improving his paintings knowing that sooner or later he will have to find a more suitable patron in order to be able to finance his work. The solution to financial impasse came in February 1 513 in the hand of Giovanni De' Medici, the younger descendent of Lorenz IL Magnificent. With the death of Pope Julius II in Rome and Giovanni asserted to papacy under the name of Pope Leo X.Giuliani De' Medici rather of Pope Leo X and by them commander of the papal army, invited Leonardo to Rome for his knowledge of art and military technology. The invitation to Rome by Giuliani De' Medici was the opportunity that Leonardo Dad Vinci was waiting for. Unlimited commissions, immeasurable social status, and a very power full patron. What else? By September 1513 Leonardo relocated himself back to Rome where he was accommodated in the Vatican luxury Belvedere villas together with all his painting including some half stages such us the Lead, the Mona Lisa, and the Saint Anne.

Health and Social Care Setting Essay

Everyone is an individual and when they need to use the health and social care services it is import they have access to the setting which precisely meets their needs, different setting are designed to do just that and the trained staff within those settings have the skills and knowledge to meet those particular needs. Key elements: If everyone who needed support turned up at the same place, things would become rather crowded; more importantly, not everyone would receive the support that they really needed. Health and social care services are designed to meet particular needs and are staffed by professionals who know how to do this. Hospitals: Hospitals provide support for people who have an illness or who are recovering from one. Many hospitals provide support for a variant of conditions and illness and are staffed by people who are trained to do this. Some hospitals provide support for particular conditions such as ophthalmic eye care), maternity (care for the mother and baby durin g pregnancy and birth) and paediatric (children). Hospices: Hospices are normally much smaller than many hospitals and provide support for individuals who have a terminal illness. Some hospices provide respite care which means that an individual may come for a few days to give their career a brake. The staff receives special training in order to provide the people in the hospices the right support. Domiciliary support: Domiciliary support is provide in an individual’s own home and can be either health or social care. For example, community nurses will visit a person at home and give them nursing care: sometimes this could be removing stitches after surgery or changing a dressing. Community care assistants may help an older person with their personal care if they can no longer do so themselves. Domiciliary can enable people to either retune to or remain in their own home and provide a choice. Residential homes: Residential homes are designed to meet the needs of individuals who cannot take care of themselves. Many older people who can no longer meet their own personal needs, or who are lonely following the death of a partner, may prefer to live in residential home rather than remain in their own homes. Residential homes provide the companionship which people are missing, and staff will deliver the personal support if this is needed, in any way which preserves the dignity of the older person whilst safeguards. Other residential settings provide a home for younger people who have physical need and c annot live independently. The staff in both residential usually includes an activity coordinator who arranges events and activities designed to encourage the use of skills such as memory and physical mobility. Day centres: Day centres are designed to provide a social space for people who would otherwise spend most of their time alone. Many day centres provide companionship and midday meals for older people, enabling them to meet with people of a similar age and receive support from trained staff. Many day centres have regular visits from health and social care professionals such as counsellors, chiropodists and even opticians. They may also provide other servicer such as hairdressing and nail care. There are also day centres for young people who have a form of physical disability. Fostering arrangements: For a variety of reasons some children cannot be care for in their own homes. When this happens social services may arrange for the child to be looked after by foster careers who wi ll have received training in order to provide a suitable, temporary home for a child. This can either be short -team arrangement, for example if both parents were ill and there was no other relatives available to provide a home for the child, or long-team if there is thought necessary. Foster careers do receive some financial support, but main reward is seeing the children thrive.

Frederick Douglass And The Abolitionist Movement Essay

Frederick Douglass spoke to Washington, DC in 1876: â€Å"We must either have all the rights of American citizens, or we must be exterminated, for we can never again be slaves†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Foner, 1969, p. 320, as cited in Ballard, 2004, p. 53). This statement concretizes the inhumanity of slavery; its only equal is death. Douglass was born as a slave in Talbot County, Maryland. It was 1818 and slavery already existed for two hundred years in the United States (U. S. ). It took Douglass twenty years, before he escaped slavery. Before his escape, Douglass surreptitiously learned to read and write, and he soon rose as one of the most eloquent orators of the abolitionists. Using speech premeditated to distress, educate, and sometimes infuriate, Frederick Douglass encouraged the abolitionist movement. Douglass used his speeches to distress people about their prejudice, so that they would be aware of its inequitable and dangerous outcomes. When people were distressed of the realities and results of slavery, they would be more attracted by the principles and goals of the abolitionists. Douglass argued that slavery produces no benefits for the society. Slavery only leads to ignorance among blacks, which both negatively affects them and the whites. In â€Å"The Church and Prejudice,† Douglass asserted: â€Å"You degrade us, and then ask why we are degraded–you shut our mouths, and then ask why we don’t speak–you close our colleges and seminaries against us, and then ask why we don’t know more. † The blacks were disadvantaged by unawareness, while the whites were deprived of intellectual forces that the black people could have provided. In his speeches, Douglass further aimed to speak to both whites and blacks, so that they could feel slavery’s demeaning consequences. It was his way of using literacy to distribute power among the black people, without disempowering the whites. Lisa Sisco said that Douglass defined literacy as â€Å"shifting† as he showed an â€Å"understanding of literacy as a system of self-representation†¦ and as an avenue for political representation as he attempts to speak and write for an oppressed people without alienating his white readership† (p. 213 as cited in Ryden, 2005, p. 7). Slavery also compounds prejudice that would have marred a critical victory for the nation during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Douglass criticized how the American government would even imagine being a bigot in times of need, by not recruiting blacks as soldiers. He asked the President of the United States: â€Å"†¦if this dark and terrible hour of the nation’s extremity is a time for consulting a mere vulgar and unnatural prejudice? † Douglass spoke eloquently about how the blacks had helped the whites to rebel against the government, and so there should be no reason that the government would not employ black people to be soldiers of the state: â€Å"Rising above vulgar prejudice, the slaveholding rebel accepts the aid of the black man as readily as that of any other. If a bad cause can do this, why should a good cause be less wisely conducted? † He also made a compelling symbolism for a state fighting without the aid of the blacks: â€Å"Men in earnest don’t fight with one hand, when they might fight with two, and a man drowning would not refuse to be saved even by a colored hand. † Through this speech, Douglass distressed the audience into thinking that slavery does not make any sense at all, and only its abolition can protect the state from another secessionist movement and other threats to national security and peace. Douglass wanted to educate people about the grave failings of slavery through his speeches- slavery reduces people to beasts with no free will or self-control (DeLombard, 2001). If slavery was this immoral, Douglass could compel people to join the abolitionist movement. Slavery turns human beings into creatures of violence or submission, through a dialectical process embedded in the master-slave relationship. An article compared Douglass’ understanding of slavery to Hegel’s: Hegel â€Å"knew about real slaves revolting against real masters, and he elaborated his dialectic of lordship and bondage deliberately within this contemporary context† (Buck-Morss, 2000, p. 844 as cited in Kohn, 2005, p. 498). Douglass’ speeches related the dialectical impacts of slavery to all parties involved. First, slavery dehumanizes slaves. Douglass described the horrendous experiences of slaves under the white man. The verbal and physical abuse could only fit animals. These experiences of the slaves underlined the inhumanity of slavery. Second, Douglass argued that slavery dehumanizes masters as well. In â€Å"The Church and Prejudice,† he provided a fitting example of a slaveholder who acted like a vicious animal. Douglass said that there was a class leader master of the Methodist Church, who preached about deliverance and liberty. However, he also lashed Douglass’ cousin through the same thumbs that prayed, while using the words of the Bible to rationalize his illogical behavior: â€Å"He that knoweth his master’s will, and doeth it not, shall be beaten with many stripes! † Douglass also educated people about the ills of prejudice on the protection of civil rights and liberties. In â€Å"What the Black Man Wants,† Douglass explained that black people have suffrage rights, simply because as human beings they do: â€Å"We want it because it is our right, first of all. No class of men can, without insulting their own nature, be content with any deprivation of their rights. † By asserting these rights, Douglass motivated people to believe that all human beings have human rights, so they would support the civil rights and freedoms that the abolitionist movement fought for. Douglass used his speeches to infuriate people into action, into destroying every form and face of slavery. In the speech â€Å"The Church and Prejudice,† Douglass narrated his experiences of religious bigotry: â€Å"[A minister looked to the door, where the blacks were and breathed heavily] Come up, colored friends, come up! for you know God is no respecter of persons! † This is an example of a speech that enraged people to question the sanity of slavery, when even â€Å"men of the altar† acted like beasts. This speech also uses humor to depict the dark comedy of slavery (Ganter, 2003). How can God differentiate between colored and white people? They are His children, are they not? Douglass also infuriated people by illustrating the bleakness of slavery and its different forms. In â€Å"What the black man wants,† Douglass defended the right of the colored people to choose employment: â€Å"†¦when any individual or combination of individuals undertakes to decide for any man when he shall work, where he shall work, at what he shall work, and for what he shall work,† it is still a form of slavery. By underlining how the government and white people preserved slavery even after the Declaration of Independence, Douglass enraged people to eradicate slavery. Douglass also incensed the people in his Fourth of July speech delivered in Rochester on July 5, 1852, where he assaulted the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act. David W. Blight stressed that the attack came with Douglass repetitions of a harmless word, yours (p. 75 as cited in Ramsey, 2007, p. 29). Douglass said: â€Å"This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the Fourth of July. It is the birthday of your National Independence, and of your political freedom. † The word â€Å"your† aimed to â€Å"alienate his audience as America has alienated him† (Ramsey, 2007, p. 29). Douglass aggravated listeners by enunciating that there was no real independence, only social exclusion and neglect: â€Å"This Fourth of July is yours, not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn. † Douglass’ rhetorical tactic meant to aggressively plead, by transferring the feeling of how the nation had abandoned him to listeners, so that they too would feel how difficult and iniquitous it was to be â€Å"orphaned† (Ramsey, 2007, p. 29; Waymer& Heath, 2007). His ending for speech emphasized his anger and resentment. He asked people to find another place that had been as vicious as the U. S. in upturning civil liberties and freedoms: â€Å"for revolting barbarity and shameless hypocrisy, America reigns without a rival. † This speech angered people to feel that racism brutally orphaned the whole society, and it was time to abolish slavery and its emerging forms. Douglass used the power of the spoken word to distress, educate, and sometimes infuriate, so that people would be persuaded to join the abolitionist movement. His speeches aroused emotions and intellectual understanding, which maximize logos and pathos as rhetorical strategies. By combining these strategies, Douglass could reach out to as many hearts and minds as possible- in either side of the color line. His earnest aim was to change attitudes and behavior toward the colored race and the idea of freedom and humanity. Douglass’ speeches have effectively expressed his core vision of society, a society of free and equal whites and blacks. References Ballard, B. J. (2004). Frederick Douglass and the ideology of resistance. Critical Review of International Social & Political Philosophy, 7 (4), 51-75. DeLombard, J. (2001). ‘Eye-witness to the cruelty’: Southern violence and northern testimony in Frederick Douglass’s American Literature, 73 (2), 245-275. Douglass, F. (1841). The church and prejudice. Retrieved from http://www. frederickdouglass. org/speeches/ _______. (1852). â€Å"What to the slave is the 4th of July? † Retrieved from http://www. freemaninstitute. com/douglass. htm _______. (1861). Fighting rebels with only one hand. Retrieved from http://www. frederickdouglass. org/speeches/ _______. (1865). What the black man wants. Retrieved from http://www. frederickdouglass. org/speeches/ Ganter, G. (2003). â€Å"He made us laugh some†: Frederick Douglass’s humor. African American Review, 37 (4), 535-552. Kohn, M. (2005). Frederick Douglass’s master-slave dialectic. Journal of Politics, 67 (2), 497-514. Ramsey, W. M. (2007). Frederick Douglass, Southerner. Southern Literary Journal, 40 (1), 19-38. Ryden, W. (2005). Conflicted literacy: Frederick Douglass’s critical model. Journal of Basic Writing, 24 (1), 4-23. Waymer, D. & Heath, R. (2007). Non-profit activist public relations and the paradox of the positive: A case study of Frederick Douglass’ â€Å"Fourth of July Address. † National Communication Association, Conference, 1-39.